Key result
Indian tribal communities face a high cardiovascular risk burden, marked by up to ~47% hypertension prevalence.
Why the study?
The tribal population in India faces a high burden of CVD risks aggravated by poverty and inaccessible health services, yet limited research has evaluated these risks and the healthcare system response.
Systematic Review
Yes
This systematic review demonstrates that tribal populations in India face a substantial burden of cardiovascular risk factors—particularly hypertension, tobacco use, dyslipidemia, and diabetes—compounded by severe gaps in awareness, treatment, and primary healthcare access.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
High CVD risk factor burden with poor control in Indian tribes demands targeted primary care investment; extends disparity data and supports intervention trials.
Background: CVDs are responsible for the highest mortality rate in the world and are on the rise in India due to epidemiological transition. The tribal population in India, which is about 8.6%, has a huge burden of CVD risks, but not much research has been done on them. This is further aggravated by poverty and inaccessibility of health services to them. Objectives: This study aims to conduct a systematic review on the prevalence, incidence, determinants, and response of health care systems toward CVD risks in the tribal population of India. Methods: Using PRISMA 2020 guidelines, a search was conducted for articles from January 2001 to May 2026 in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, IndMED, and WHO IRIS. Results:Out of the articles searched, thirty-one articles were eligible for inclusion. Hypertension was the commonest CVD risk (18.3–47.2%), followed by diabetes (5.4–26.1%), dyslipidemia (14.2–60.0%), metabolic syndrome (14.0–38.0%) and tobacco usage (28.0–68.0%). There was poor knowledge, diagnosis, treatment, and control of the same reflecting inadequate primary health care services. Conclusions: CVD risk among tribal populations is substantial and neglected, highlighting the urgent need for culturally appropriate screening, prevention, and strengthened primary healthcare interventions.
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Bisoi et al. (2026) conducted a systematic review in Cardiovascular disease risk factors. Residence in tribal and rural areas of India was evaluated on Prevalence, burden, awareness, treatment, and management of cardiovascular disease risk factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, and tobacco usage). Tribal communities in India experience high prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and tobacco use with suboptimal control.
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