Construction of Kochen–Specker Sets from Mutually Unbiased Bases

We give a constructive analysis of Kochen–Specker (KS) contextuality at the level of complete orthogonal bases (contexts). In dimension three, three noncomputational mutually unbiased bases generate a union of 165 rays and 130 contexts. Exact provenance accounting gives a symmetric decomposition: the three 69-ray lineages share 21 rays and 10 contexts, while each contributes 48 exclusive rays and 40 lineage-specific contexts. Each 69-ray, 50-context lineage is a KS configuration, and this framework clarifies the relation among the Yu–Oh, Harding–Salinas Schmeis, and Cabello constructions. In dimensions four and five, we give parametrized orthogonality gadgets whose connector contexts force a central ray to be maximally unbiased relative to the computational basis. For the concrete four-dimensional example, the 20-ray gadget and the Cabello 18-ray set are informationally equivalent subsets of the 24-ray Peres–Mermin eigensystem, although their context hypergraphs have different two-valued-state behavior. The results show why both the rays and the complete incidence structure of their contexts are needed in assessments of KS contextuality.