Measurement properties of instruments assessing self-stigma and help-seeking stigma in youth: a systematic review protocol

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review will evaluate the measurement properties and methodological rigor of self-report instruments assessing internalized self-stigma and self-stigma of seeking help among youth and emerging adults (aged 12-25 years). The review will map global evidence to identify geographical gaps in psychometric equity, focusing on instruments validated for Arabic-speaking youth as a critical test of cross-cultural validity and measurement invariance. INTRODUCTION: The transition between ages 12 and 25 years represents a critical period for mental health. Internalized self-stigma is a significant proximal barrier to professional help-seeking; however, existing tools often lack sufficient evidence of cross-cultural validity. Without psychometric equity, particularly in collectivist, Arabic-speaking contexts, current instruments may contain measurement bias. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: We will include original peer-reviewed primary research and academic dissertations reporting the development, translation, cross-cultural adaptation, or validation of self-report instruments measuring internalized self-stigma or the self-stigma of help-seeking in youth (aged 12 to 25 years) across any cultural context, with a secondary focus on Arabic-speaking populations (including regional dialects). Studies published in English, Arabic, or French published from January 1, 1996, to the date of the final search, will be eligible. METHODS: This review will follow the COSMIN framework. We will search PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Citation Index, and the Index Medicus for the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Two independent reviewers will screen studies for eligibility, assess methodological quality using the COSMIN Risk of Bias checklist v.3.0, and extract data using a standardized tool. Findings will be synthesized following COSMIN guidance, and certainty of evidence will be evaluated using the modified GRADE approach tailored for measurement properties. REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD420261290064.