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We estimate the causal effect of armed conflict on child health in Nigeria, combining conflict data with DHS surveys from 2008 and 2018. The height-for-age of children exposed to conflict in utero is 0.24 standard deviations lower compared to children not exposed to conflict. This effect is mainly driven by boys, the Boko Haram insurgency, and conflicts in the Niger Delta. However, the effect diminishes as children get older, which is not associated with higher child mortality.
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Pohn et al. (2026) studied this question.
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