Uji aktivitas ekstrak etanol buah asam keranji (Dialium indum L.) sebagai antidiare terhadap mencit jantan

Introduction: Scientific evidence for the antidiarrheal activity of keranji fruit (Dialium indum L.) is limited. This study evaluated its ethanolic extract in male mice with castor oil-induced diarrhea. Methods: Dried fruit pulp was macerated using 96% ethanol. Twenty-five mice (five per group) received sodium carboxymethylcellulose 1%, loperamide hydrochloride, or extract at 60, 80, or 100 mg/kg body weight after oral induction with 0.5 mL castor oil. Defecation frequency, stool consistency, and fecal weight were recorded for 240 minutes. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s test. Results: All mice passed liquid stools before treatment. Qualitative screening detected alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, and glycosides. Mean defecation frequency was 6.6 events in the negative control and 4.4 events with 100 mg/kg extract (Tukey p = 0.038). Stool consistency improved descriptively; fecal weight did not differ significantly from the negative control (p = 0.064). Discussion: The findings suggest preliminary effects on defecation patterns, but phytochemical screening cannot establish a mechanism. Conclusion: Larger studies with standardized extracts are needed to confirm efficacy and safety