Immunohistochemistry: Role in the Diagnosis of Germ Cell Tumors

Routine histomorphology with hematoxylin- and eosin-stained sections is usually sufficient for the diagnosis of testicular germ cell tumors. There are, however, a number of overlapping morphologic features that may pose diagnostic challenges, in which immunohistochemical staining may aid in arriving at the correct classification. This review summarizes the role of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of germ cell tumors of the testis, discusses key immunomarkers for different subtypes, and provides guidance on establishing appropriate marker panels to help resolve diagnostic dilemmas.