Introducing final- and useful-stage energy and exergy extensions for the EXIOBASE Multi-Regional Input-Output Model

Environmentally Extended Multi-Regional Input-Output (EE-MRIO) models are increasingly used to account for the upstream (supply chain) requirements and implications of any level of final demand. Energy use is recognised to be a key driver of anthropogenic climate change and reducing energy use (at least in higher-income regions) is considered to be a key lever to meet climate targets. However, the availability of energy extensions for EE-MRIO models is very limited, preventing the quantification of energy use embodied in supply chains. Here, we introduce and document a novel set of energy extensions for the EXIOBASE EE-MRIO model. The extensions we introduce cover energy use at both the final and useful stage of the energy conversion chain. Further, we isolate extensions capturing the energy industry own energy use, energy used for non-energy purposes, as well as final-to-useful conversion losses. We provide these extensions both in energy and exergy terms — exergy is a quality-adjusted measure of energy closely linked to economic activity when quantified at the useful stage. For comprehensiveness, we also compute and release the country-level production- and consumption-based (footprint) energy accounts. The dataset we release is the most detailed set of final- and useful-stage energy extensions for a major EE-MRIO model.