An Embedded Smart Desk Lamp with Dynamic Following, Height-Compensated Adaptive Dimming, and Sitting-Posture Monitoring

This study presents a resource-constrained embedded prototype that integrates face-based lamp orientation, height-compensated adaptive dimming, distance-threshold posture monitoring and voice interaction on a single low-cost microcontroller plus an edge-AI vision module. The contribution lies primarily in the implementation and functional integration of these components on an embedded platform rather than in the development of new detection or control algorithms. The lamp head is servoed to the detected face through a four-degree-of-freedom arm driven by image-based visual servoing with incremental proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control; the dimming law combines an inverse-square-inspired height-compensation term with an ambient-light factor; and a two-level posture warning is triggered by the lamp-to-desk distance measured by a time-of-flight ranger. Prototype experiments evaluate the integrated functions, resource usage, power consumption and decision agreement under the tested conditions. The commanded-angle settling time is 165 ± 20 ms, the fluctuation rate of the desktop illuminance over a 15–40 cm height sweep falls from 43.6% to 4.4%, and the distance-threshold posture decisions agree with protocol-defined trial labels in 93.6% of 500 trials. The results show system-level feasibility while also identifying limitations in participant diversity, environmental coverage and independent metrological validation.