Correlations Between Facial Anthropometry and Ocular Biometry in School-Aged Children

Background and Objectives: Understanding the relationship between craniofacial and ocular growth could provide further insight into the association between facial development and ocular biometric characteristics in children. However, facial anthropometric measurements and ocular biometric parameters in this population have not yet been sufficiently investigated. This study aimed to explore the correlations between these parameters in school-age children. Materials and Methods: A total of 112 school-aged children participated in the study. Facial anthropometric measurements were obtained using photogrammetric analysis, and ocular biometric parameters were measured with the IOLMaster 700. Results: Several facial anthropometric and ocular biometric parameters differed significantly across age groups. Boys had significantly greater lower facial height than girls (p = 0.0074), as well as higher values of axial eye length, anterior chamber depth, and horizontal corneal diameter. Significant positive correlations were identified between axial eye length and lower facial height, mandibular height, mouth height, facial width, facial height, and maxillary and mandibular depth. The strongest correlation was observed between axial eye length and lower facial height (r = 0.305; p = 0.0011). Anterior chamber depth was also positively correlated with lower facial height, mandibular height, and mouth height, with the strongest association again found for lower facial height (r = 0.287; p = 0.0021). Conclusions: The study identified several correlations between facial anthropometric measurements and ocular biometric parameters in children, with lower facial height showing the strongest correlation with both axial eye length and anterior chamber depth, suggesting a potential link between craniofacial morphology and ocular development. However, further longitudinal studies are needed to clarify these associations and their potential relevance to myopia development.