Thinking of Envy through Embodied Metaphors: The Case of Basil of Caesarea

In this article, I show how Conceptual Metaphor Theory can be used as an analytical framework for understanding the emotion of envy in Christian literature. By analysing the homily of Basil of Caesarea, Concerning Envy, as a case study (4th century CE), I explore the role of embodied metaphors in constructing Basil’s conceptual model of envy and in prescribing the ideal affective life in the situational context of preaching. I also suggest that recent developments in cognitive theories on metaphors, through the lens of embodied simulation, further illuminate the effective role of metaphors both in preaching and receiving the theological message. Finally, I examine specific metaphors that exemplify how Christian ideas, scriptural authority and the discourse context provide extra associations and nuances to well-established metaphors, motivate a new conceptualisation of envy, and consequently provide their recipients with fresh insights and new ways of thinking. Overall, I explore how the latest approaches to metaphors provide an all-embracing perspective on examining the synergy of body, culture and context in the early Christian discourse on emotions.