Impact of Muscle Energy Technique along with Therapeutic Exercises on Dynamic Balance and Functional Performance in Patients with Patellofemoral Arthritis: A Quasi-experimental Study

Introduction: A gradual loss of articular cartilage in the joint is a hallmark of patellofemoral arthritis. Valgus knee alignment accelerates tibial malrotation, trochlear patella dysplasia, and lateral patellofemoral arthritis. The speed at which this ailment progresses can also be influenced by the force or direction of the quadriceps femoris. Aim: To evaluate the effects of Muscle Energy Technique (MET) and therapeutic exercises on dynamic balance and functional performance in individuals with patellofemoral arthritis. Materials and Methods: A single group pretest-post-test quasi-experimental study was conducted at Cheran College of Physiotherapy, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. The study initially screened 17 patients aged 25 to 60 years who had been diagnosed with patellofemoral arthritis based on positive Clarke’s sign and radiographic data confirmed by an orthopaedics physician. The study included a total of 13 knee samples. The outcomes were measured both before and after the exam using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Kujala Scale, and Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT). Over the course of the five-week intervention, three sessions were held per week. After the intervention, patients said they were much less uncomfortable and had better dynamic balance and functional performance. Results: The results of the study suggest that combining therapeutic exercises with MET is beneficial for patients with patellofemoral arthritis. The SEBT, which measures dynamic balance, showed a substantial improvement (t=3.843, p-value <0.01). While the Kujala Anterior Knee Pain Scale (AKPS) revealed a substantial improvement in functional performance (t=9.484, p-value <0.01), VAS revealed a significant decrease in pain intensity (t=24.097, p-value <0.01). These results show that patients with patellofemoral arthritis can enhance their dynamic balance by including MET into therapy activities. Conclusion: According to the study’s findings, patients with patellofemoral arthritis benefited from combining therapeutic exercises with MET. This combo approach improves dynamic balance, lowers discomfort, and promotes functional ability-all of which lead to improved functional performance.