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Ophiocordyceps is a diverse genus of arthropod-pathogenic fungi in Hypocreales . In this study, three new species are introduced based on integrated morphological and molecular evidence. Phylogenetic analyses of a concatenated dataset comprising the ITS, nrSSU, nrLSU, tef1-α , rpb1 , and rpb2 loci showed that Ophiocordyceps pseudoformicarum formed a strongly supported sister relationship with O. formicarum , while O. yeyahuensis was closely related to O. guishanensis . Ophiocordyceps pseudovespulae formed a well-supported lineage with O. vespulae . Morphologically, O. pseudoformicarum is associated with ants and characterized by orange, cylindrical stromata; O. yeyahuensis occurs on coleopteran insects and has cylindrical stromata bearing brown perithecia; and O. pseudovespulae is associated with wasps and possesses long, cylindrical stromata with an orange fertile region.
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Wang et al. (2026) studied this question.
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