A Deep-Ocean Pressure-Hulled Submersible for the Europan Seafloor: Shell Thickness, Buckling and Mass Budget

This study sizes the system named in its title from stated physical relations and a stated environmental basis, and reports the result as SIMULATED, NOT MEASURED. The submersible is a civilian science vehicle for reaching the floor of Europa's ocean to image it, sample its sediments and emplace instruments; it is designed for peaceful exploration only. Every performance figure is computed by the deposited script from its inputs rather than asserted, and the headline outcomes include adopted wall thickness of 158.1 millimetres, syntactic foam volume of 5.74 cubic metres and descent time to the seafloor of 61.7 hours. Mass, power and energy budgets are assembled from components so they can be audited line by line, off-design behaviour is discussed openly, and the limits of the sizing are stated in full.