Reevaluation of Mycobonia and Pseudofavolus (Polyporaceae) with two new species and two new combinations

Favolus , Mycobonia and Pseudofavolus ( Polyporales , Basidiomycota ) are polyporoid genera with mainly tropical to subtropical distribution. Mycobonia and Pseudofavolus are morpho-anatomically similar, being distinguished by the presence of a poroid hymenophore in Pseudofavolus , while species in Mycobonia are stereoid with projecting hyphal pegs that resemble thin spines. Mycobonia and Pseudofavolus have a controversial taxonomy, and the phylogenetic relationships between their species have yet to be assessed. To contribute to our knowledge of the group, we performed detailed combined molecular phylogenetic analyses of specimens of Favolus , Mycobonia and Pseudofavolus from Brazil and Asia, using internal transcribed spacers (ITS), the large subunit of nrDNA (nLSU rDNA), and also the genes encoding the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II ( RPB 2). Our study revealed that Pseudofavolus is an artificial group, and its species actually nest within Mycobonia . Favolus flavus and M. pabbiensis are described as new species from Asia, while M. cucullata and M. miquelii are proposed as new combinations from the Neotropics. A key to all existing species of the genus Favolus from Asia and Mycobonia from all over the world is also provided.