Key result
Alternating cold and hot temperature exposure is linked to ~19% higher CVD risk in hypertension.
Why the study?
The link between temperature fluctuations and cardiovascular disease incidence in hypertensive populations is not well understood.
Does exposure to temperature variations increase the incidence of cardiovascular diseases in hypertensive populations?
Cohort (n=34,872)
Yes
Does exposure to temperature variations increase the incidence of cardiovascular diseases in hypertensive populations?
Temperature fluctuations, particularly alternating cold and hot temperatures, significantly increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases—especially heart failure, multivalvular disease, and chronic ischemic heart disease—in individuals with hypertension.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Temperature variability associated with modestly higher CVD incidence; hypothesis-generating and requires prospective validation before clinical consideration.
Background Hypertension is the most prevalent chronic disease. The link between temperature changes and cardiovascular disease incidence in hypertensive populations is not well understood. Objective To explore how temperature fluctuations affect cardiovascular disease incidence in hypertensive populations and identify the most impacted cardiovascular diseases. Methods Using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and the UK Biobank, which provide long-term follow-up information on hypertensive patients, we applied logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression models to analyze the relationship between temperature and cardiovascular disease occurrence. Results In CHARLS (2011–2020), 4321 hypertensive individuals were studied, with 1079 developing cardiovascular diseases. A significant positive correlation was found between annual average daily temperature difference and cardiovascular disease incidence (OR: 1.01, 95% CI: 1.01–1.02, P < 0.001). In the UK Biobank, 30,551 participants were followed for an average of 12.4 years, with 3611 diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases. Those exposed to alternating cold and hot temperatures had a higher risk of cardiovascular events (HR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.09–1.29, P < 0.001). Specifically, heart failure (HR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.21–1.73, P < 0.001), multivalvular disease (HR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.04–1.68, P < 0.05), and chronic ischemic heart disease (HR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.03–1.28, P < 0.05) were associated with such temperature exposure. Conclusion Our study highlights the need to enhance cardiovascular disease monitoring and management in hypertensive populations under varying temperatures, which is crucial for disease prevention and control.
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Wang et al. (2026) conducted a cohort in Hypertension (n=34,872). Temperature variation (annual average daily temperature difference and alternating cold and hot temperatures) vs. Lower temperature variation / unexposed to alternating cold and hot temperatures was evaluated on Cardiovascular disease incidence (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.09-1.29, p=<0.001). Alternating cold and hot temperature exposure increased cardiovascular disease risk in hypertensive patients.
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