Key result
Brucea javanica seed extract lowers systolic blood pressure by ~28 mmHg in renovascular hypertensive mice.
Why the study?
Current therapies for renovascular hypertension may not fully prevent disease progression. Although Brucea javanica seeds contain bioactive compounds that modulate the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and regulate blood pressure, their antihypertensive and renoprotective effects in renovascular hypertension remained unclear.
Does Brucea javanica seed extract reduce systolic blood pressure and attenuate renal and cardiac damage in a mouse model of renovascular hypertension?
Does Brucea javanica seed extract reduce systolic blood pressure and attenuate renal and cardiac damage in a mouse model of renovascular hypertension?
In a mouse model of renovascular hypertension, Brucea javanica seed extract dose-dependently lowered systolic blood pressure and mitigated cardiac hypertrophy and renal histopathological injury comparably to captopril.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Should not change hypertension practice; leaves open BJSE investigation in human renovascular hypertension.
BACKGROUND: Renovascular hypertension (RVH) drives excessive renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activation, oxidative stress, and vascular remodelling, but most of current RVH therapies may not fully prevent the disease progression. Brucea javanica seed is known to contain bioactive compound that modulate RAAS and regulate blood pressure, but their effects on RVH remain unclear. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of B. javanica seed extract (BJSE) as antihypertensive and renoprotective effects. METHODS: BJSE were profiled using liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) and antioxidant activity was assessed. Network pharmacology and molecular docking were conducted to identify compound–protein targets. Male BALB/c mice was RVH-induced by renal blood flow restriction surgery and received either: no treatment, captopril, or, 10, 20, 30 mg/kg BW BJSE. Healthy mice were also included as control. Blood pressure, urinalysis, haematology, renal function, gross pathology, and kidney-heart histology were evaluated.RESULTS: Ten major metabolites were identified, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, and terpenoids. Antioxidant assays showed IC50 values of 71.81±0.35 ppm (DPPH), 76.30±0.29 ppm (FRAP), and 49.45±0.26 ppm (ABTS). Network pharmacology revealed five hub genes (matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG), nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1)), further molecular docking showed phloretin has the highest potential binding with ACE mapped to RAAS. BJSE dose-dependently reduced systolic blood pressure, proteinuria, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine, improved erythrocyte parameters and leukocyte counts, and attenuated renal atrophy, cardiac hypertrophy, and histopathological lesions.CONCLUSION: BJSE significantly reduced blood pressure and improved cardiac and renal histopathological profiles, as well as hematological and urinary parameters associated with renoprotective activity. These effects are achieved suggested due to its antioxidant activity and multi-targeted mechanisms.
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Hamdin et al. (2026) studied Renovascular hypertension (RVH) (n=36). Brucea javanica seed extract (BJSE) vs. Untreated RVH-induced mice (negative control), RVH-induced mice receiving 25 mg/kg BW captopril (positive control), and healthy mice (normal control) was evaluated on Systolic blood pressure (SBP) at day 14 post-treatment (day 25). Brucea javanica seed extract dose-dependently reduced systolic blood pressure to ~130 mmHg compared to 158 mmHg in untreated renovascular hypertensive mice.
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