Does adding parenteral cephalothin sodium to oral neomycin and erythromycin reduce septic complication rates in patients undergoing large-bowel surgery?
Adding parenteral cephalothin to oral neomycin and erythromycin does not significantly reduce septic complications in elective colon surgery.
A cooperative Veterans Administration study of the septic complication rate during large-bowel surgery was undertaken in two groups of patients. The first group received oral neomycin and erythromycin base plus parenteral placebo; the second, the oral antibiotics plus parenteral cephalothin sodium. During a five-year period, 1,128 patients were studied. The overall septic complication rate was 7.8% in patients receiving only oral antibiotics, and 5.7% in patients receiving both oral and parenteral antibiotics. This difference was not significant. The only significant finding was a greater incidence of fever of unknown origin in patients receiving only oral antibiotics. None of those patients were treated with additional antibiotics, and all fevers cleared spontaneously. There seems to be no discernible benefit from adding parenteral antibiotic prophylaxis when performing elective colon surgery if appropriate mechanical cleansing and oral neomycin and erythromycin therapy are employed.
Robert E. Condon (Fri,) studied this question.