Association of Duration and Type of Surgical Prophylaxis With Antimicrobial-Associated Adverse Events

Structured PICO

Does extended duration of surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis increase adverse events without reducing surgical site infections?

Population

Patients receiving surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis

Intervention

Extended duration of surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis

Comparator

Shorter duration of surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis

Outcome

Antimicrobial-associated adverse events (acute kidney injury [AKI] and Clostridioides difficile infection) and surgical site infection (SSI)safety

Limiting the duration of surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis can reduce adverse events such as AKI and C. difficile infection without increasing the risk of surgical site infections.

Abstract

Increasing duration of antimicrobial prophylaxis was associated with higher odds of AKI and C difficile infection in a duration-dependent fashion; extended duration did not lead to additional SSI reduction. These findings highlight the notion that every day matters and suggest that stewardship efforts to limit duration of prophylaxis have the potential to reduce adverse events without increasing SSI.

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