An Analysis of the Challenges and Countermeasures in Physical Education Curriculum Reform

Background and Aim: Physical education (PE) curriculum reform has become a significant issue in modern educational systems, particularly in the context of improving students' physical fitness and holistic development. However, several challenges have arisen during the reform process. This paper aims to analyze the key issues in PE curriculum reform and propose practical solutions to improve the quality and effectiveness of PE programs. Materials and Methods: This study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining literature review, case studies, and surveys. The sample consists of 200 participants, including 100 male and 100 female PE teachers and students, aged between 18 and 45, from primary, secondary, and higher education levels. The sample was selected using purposive sampling. The research tool used was a questionnaire designed to collect feedback from PE teachers and students about the curriculum reform. Statistical analysis was conducted using mean, standard deviation, and t-tests to assess the differences between different groups. Results: The study identified several major challenges faced during PE curriculum reforms, including outdated teaching philosophies, insufficient teacher training, unequal distribution of resources, and the lack of innovative teaching methods. These issues hindered the effective implementation of modern PE curricula and reduced student engagement. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that schools with better resources had more successful outcomes in implementing the reforms. Conclusion: To address these challenges, this paper proposes several countermeasures: enhancing teacher professional development, updating and diversifying the curriculum content, and incorporating innovative teaching methods, especially through the use of modern technology and interactive learning tools. These strategies aim to improve the quality of PE education, increase student participation, promote lifelong physical activity, and ensure that PE programs meet contemporary educational needs.