The Integration of ICT and Language: An Empirical Study on the Language Learning of Low–Skilled Immigrants in Japan

As Japan's reliance on low–skilled migrant workers increase, improving their Japanese language proficiency has become essential for both social inclusion and occupational advancement. To support this, the Japanese government has introduced 23 ICT–based language learning tools intended to facilitate migrants' linguistic development. However, the accessibility, effectiveness, and cultural relevance of these tools for diverse migrant populations remain insufficiently examined. This study adopts a qualitative research design, integrating document analysis with semi–structured interviews involving 15 low–skilled migrants who have used or are familiar with these ICT tools, which combined approach offers a nuanced evaluation of the tools' strengths and limitations. The findings indicate that while the tools provide useful support in basic vocabulary acquisition, grammar practice, and test preparation, they frequently lack advanced language content, interactive oral components, and training in context–specific communication. Interviewees reported a gap between the learning content and their practical communication needs in everyday and workplace settings, limiting the tools' applicability. Although most tools offer flexibility in terms of scheduling and affordability, they often fail to deliver engaging, immersive, and culturally responsive learning experiences. In conclusion, the ICT–based tools hold potential in reducing structural barriers to language learning. However, improvements in interactive design, advanced–level instruction, and cultural adaptation are necessary to ensure their effectiveness in fostering meaningful linguistic competence and supporting migrants' broader integration into Japanese society.