Engaging EFL learners in effective and enjoyable learning: a gamified annotation, questioning, summarisation, and reflection approach using Duolingo

Key Points

• The central aim is to explore how gamified techniques can improve engagement and learning for EFL learners.
• Utilized gamified activities including annotation, questioning, summarisation, and reflection.
• Engaged learners through the Duolingo platform to facilitate interactive learning.
• Learners showed increased engagement and enjoyment during the learning process.
• Gamification resulted in improved retention of language skills among participants.