August 6, 2025Open Access

Protein language models reveal evolutionary constraints on synonymous codon choice

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Genome-wide analysis reveals how evolutionary pressures shape codon choice in yeast, suggesting significant implications for translation.

Evolution has created preferences for certain codons over others, influencing translation speed.
Genome-wide screening identified several hundred synonymous variants that affect fitness in yeast.
A protein language model predicts codon choice by leveraging information from amino acid sequences.
The findings highlight how cotranslational localization and accuracy may drive selective pressures on codon choice.

Sakharova et al. (2025) studied this question.

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