The effects of low-level laser therapy in De Quervain tenosynovitis: evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction De Quervain tenosynovitis (QT), a painful and inflammatory wrist condition, presents challenges in its conservative treatment. Although low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is considered an attractive option, the evidence of its effectiveness requires evaluation. This systematic review aimed to assess the analgesic effects of LLLT in QT patients. Methods The search used the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, EBSCOhost, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), and Google Scholar (last updated on March 10, 2025) databases to identify clinical trials comparing the effects of LLLT to other physical therapy or medical treatments in patients with QT. The primary outcomes evaluated were pain intensity, grip strength, and disability. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2 (RoB2) assessed study quality, and the meta-analysis used weighted mean difference (WMD) or standardised mean difference (SMD). Evidence-based recommendations for statistically significant outcomes were presented following the GRADE approach. Results Eight studies were included, with an overall low risk of bias (RoB) (25%). Deviations from intended interventions and outcome measurement were sources of bias. Post-treatment pain intensity was statistically significant for LLLT (WMD = –0.98 cm; 95% CI: –1.91, –0.04; p = 0.04; LLLT group [107],control group [124]). RoB and heterogeneity rated the evidence certainty as very low yet important. Handgrip strength and synovial sheath thickness were not statistically significant between groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions LLLT reduces pain effectively. Prioritising LLLT or ultrasound (US) over invasive treatments may optimise clinical management and minimise postsurgical complications.