Acute myocardial infarction with ventricular septal rupture: Clinical characteristics, prognosis factors, and treatment strategies

This review comprehensively examines acute myocardial infarction with ventricular septal rupture (VSR), a rare yet lethal complication. We analyze its epidemiological, pathophysiological, clinical, and therapeutic aspects, emphasizing innovative strategies like bioabsorbable occluders and tissue engineering to reduce complications and improve prognosis. The integration of artificial intelligence and big data analytics for treatment decision-making and personalized surgical timing models is highlighted as transformative. Our analysis underscores the need for early diagnosis and tailored interventions, proposing future research directions in molecular mechanisms, multidisciplinary collaboration, and technology integration. These innovations promise to enhance VSR management and extend to other cardiovascular diseases, heralding a new era of precision and regenerative cardiovascular medicine.