July 31, 2025Open Access

Reducing type II error: Sample size affects fMRI cluster-extent threshold to correct for multiple comparisons

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Simulations reveal sample size reduces cluster thresholds in fMRI, suggesting better accuracy in multiple comparisons.

Sampling size significantly impacts cluster-extent thresholds in fMRI analysis.
Clusters were approximately 18% smaller when sample size was modeled compared to when it wasn't.
Study employed simulations with 4,860,000 iterations to assess the effect of sample size on thresholds.
Findings advocate for incorporating sample size in fMRI methods to minimize type II error and enhance accuracy.

Scott D. Slotnick (2025) studied this question.

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