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August 4, 2025European Urology OncologyOpen Access

The Evolving Landscape of Systemic Immunotherapy for Bacillus Calmette-Guérin–naïve High-risk Non–muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: At the Edge of a Tsunami?

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Authors

PGPierre‐Etienne GabrielMRM. RoumiguiéGMGautier Marcq

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Overview

Narrative review explores efficacy of systemic immunotherapy combined with BCG in BCG-naïve high-risk patients, indicating new strategies may emerge.

Key Points

  • The review outlines ongoing trials combining systemic immunotherapy with BCG for high-risk NMIBC.
  • Key trials like CREST showed significant improvements in event-free survival for BCG-naïve patients.
  • A total of 37 references reviewed span from 2003 to 2025, highlighting evolving treatment landscapes.
  • Combining systemic immunotherapy with BCG could define future standards of care for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Cite This Study

Gabriel et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/689a0f86e6551bb0af8d0a87https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euo.2025.06.003
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Systemic immunotherapy for BCG unresponsive nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer2025
  2. 2Recent Advances in Immunotherapy for Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer2026 · 2 citations
  3. 3The immunotherapy paradox in high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A tale of three trials2026
  4. 4Emerging therapies for BCG unresponsive non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: an overview2026
  5. 5Immunotherapy in Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials and Therapeutic Advances2025