This review highlights new monoclonal antibodies and the significance of biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease, suggesting a need for public health reforms.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the leading cause of dementia worldwide. Recent advances in biomarker-based diagnostics and disease-modifying therapies have shifted the landscape of AD from symptom management to early intervention. This review examines current therapeutic innovations, with a particular focus on monoclonal antibodies such as lecanemab, aducanumab, and donanemab. While these agents show potential in slowing disease progression by targeting amyloid-beta accumulation, concerns remain regarding their clinical efficacy, safety profiles, and cost-effectiveness—especially in aging populations with high healthcare burdens. Additionally, developments in biological diagnosis through fluid and imaging biomarkers have introduced new ethical and policy-related challenges. The paper also highlights the role of non-pharmacological interventions, such as multidomain lifestyle programs, in enhancing cognitive reserve and delaying disease onset. Finally, the article calls for a comprehensive public health approach that includes precision medicine, national screening strategies, and policy reforms to address the growing societal impact of Alzheimer’s disease.
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Hanoğlu et al. (2025) studied this question.
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