Comparative Study on the Effect of Pranayama on Pranavaha Srotas in COVID-19 Recovered Individuals and Apparently Healthy Individuals

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for effective interventions to restore respiratory health, particularly in recovered individuals. Pranayama, a yogic breathing technique rooted in Ayurveda, is posited to enhance the function of Pranavaha Srotas (respiratory channels). This study evaluates its efficacy in COVID-19 recovered individuals compared to healthy controls. Methods: A prospective study was conducted with 200 participants (100 COVID-19 recovered, 100 healthy) aged 21–40 years in Jodhpur, India. Participants performed Anulom-Vilom Pranayama for 3 months, with pulmonary function assessed via spirometry (FEV1, FVC). Demographic, socioeconomic, and Ayurvedic parameters were analyzed, with statistical significance tested using Mann-Whitney U and Chi-square tests. Results: The COVID-19 group (mean age 33.06 years, 98% male) showed significant post-treatment improvements in FEV1 (20.32%) and FVC (23.40%) (P<0.0001), though not reaching healthy group levels (FEV1: 4.24 L, FVC: 4.87 L). Demographic disparities (age, gender, occupation) and dietary differences were notable, while Ayurvedic factors (Prakriti, Sara) showed no significant variation. The alternative hypothesis was accepted, rejecting the null. Conclusion: Pranayama significantly enhances respiratory function in COVID-19 recovered individuals, influenced by demographic and lifestyle factors, suggesting its potential as a cost-effective rehabilitation tool.