The impact of socio-political factors on the profitability of wind farms in selected European Union countries

Purpose: This study examines wind energy profitability and the impact of social and political attitudes on this sector performance. Methodology/approach: It employs panel data analysis of wind farm profitability across various countries, considering governmental policies and renewable energy targets. Findings: Profitability varies significantly by country, with social acceptance and political support influencing outcomes. Austria and Germany show higher profitability, while Greece and Poland face challenges. Countries with the highest resistance to wind energy also had the highest electricity prices. Research limitations/implications: The focus on profitability may overlook other factors affecting wind energy development, and the analysis is limited to companies solely engaged in wind energy. Practical implications: The findings indicate that increasing political and social support is vital for wind energy’s economic viability. Social implications: Understanding public resistance to wind farms is key for the future development of this energy source. Originality/value: This research highlights the impact of social and political factors on the profitability of renewable energy initiatives.