Assessment of Risk Factors in Age Related Macular Degeneration in Tertiary Care Hospital

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess risk factors of AMD and its demographic characteristics in the population. Age related macular degeneration is one of the reasons which affects quality of vision directly and eventually overall health. Materials & Methods: The prospective, observational, hospital-based study was conducted. Patients attending eye OPD above the age of 40 years with complaints of diminution of vision and distorted vision were evaluated and detailed ophthalmic examination was done. Particulars of patients were taken; detailed ocular history was recorded. Personal, family history and medical history along with smoking history in particular was recorded. FFA was done to confirm the diagnosis of AMD. Result: In 200 subjects, Mean age of presentation is 59.52 ± 9.19 years and median are 60.5 years, out of which 120 were males and 80 were females with male: female ratio as 1.50:1. Out of 200 subjects, 60 patients had a history of hypertension and 48 were diabetic. 140 subjects were smokers, 116 patients were illiterate and 108 patients belonged to urban areas. Conclusion: The study reported various risk factors of AMD as increasing age, smoking, illiterate population, patients living in urban areas as of the risk factors of AMD.