The Effect of Resistance and Aerobic Training with and Without Blood Flow Restriction and Detraining Period on Insulin Resistance in Men with Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Study

Objectives: This study sought to examine the impact of resistance and aerobic exercise, with and without blood flow restriction (BFR), on insulin resistance (IR) in males diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Furthermore, we aimed to comprehend the ramifications of a detraining period on these outcomes. Methods: We randomly assigned a total of 30 men with T2D to four groups: resistance training with blood flow restriction (RT-BFR), resistance training without blood flow restriction (RT), aerobic training with blood flow restriction (AT-BFR), and aerobic training without blood flow restriction (AT). Training sessions occurred thrice weekly for a duration of 12 weeks, succeeded by a 6-week detraining interval. Results: The findings of our investigation indicated that insulin levels fluctuate with physical activity. The average insulin level in RT fell, and similarly, the average insulin level in AT-BFR also decreased. The comparison of the average weight and BMI of subjects within the groups indicates that, in all groups, the average weight dropped following AT and RT. This would enhance the BMI’s accuracy and appropriateness. Conclusion: The findings from this research contribute valuable evidence to the ongoing discourse surrounding exercise and diabetes management. The study reinforces the notion that both resistance and aerobic training are effective in combating IR, particularly when complemented by BFR techniques. This study emphasizes the significance of integrating customized exercise programs, including the possibility of blood flow restriction techniques, to enhance metabolic health in persons with T2D.