Transboundary Threats, Tools and Public Health Protection as a Part of SDGs for Sustainable Agriculture and Production and Well-Being

Objectives: The study aims to outline the common legal framework of the European Union with regard to the control, prevention, and eradication of zoonotic diseases, focusing on protecting public health and maintaining the stability of the ecosystem balance. Theoretical Framework: The research is based on the “One Health” concept, which emphasizes the interconnection between human, animal, and environmental health. It acknowledges the impact of urbanization, environmental degradation, climate change and global mobility on the emergence and spread of infectious diseases. Method: A qualitative legal analysis was conducted using the EUR-Lex portal of the European Union. Specific legislative documents relevant to contagious animal diseases and public health were identified and reviewed, with control measures being outlined. Results and Discussion: Results obtained provided a comprehensive systematized view towards the measures for control, prevention and eradication of zoonotic diseases in animals and humans and foodborne outbreaks as well. The study highlights the EU’s comprehensive preventive approach, which includes surveillance, early detection, coordinated response mechanisms, and cross-sectoral cooperation. The discussion underscores the importance of legal harmonization and international collaboration for effective disease control. Research Implications: The research provides a structured reference for policymakers, health professionals, and international organizations outside the EU. It offers updated legal insights that may guide the development or enhancement of multisectoral frameworks aiming to improve health security in line with the “One Health” approach. Originality/Value: This study presents a consolidated review of the EU's legislative framework on zoonotic disease control, offering applicable knowledge to entities outside the EU, combining legal and public health issues.