Integrating AI into Orthodontics: Opportunities and Challenges: A Systematic Review

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing orthodontic practice by enhancing diagnostic precision, streamlining treatment planning, and enabling personalized patient care. Advanced AI algorithms, notably convolutional neural networks, have demonstrated high accuracy in tasks such as cephalometric landmark identification and malocclusion classification, thereby improving clinical efficiency and decision-making processes. Despite these advancements, the integration of AI into orthodontics presents several challenges. These include the need for standardized, high-quality datasets to train robust models, addressing data privacy and ethical concerns, ensuring the interpretability of AI-driven decisions, and overcoming resistance to technological adoption within clinical settings. This article provides a comprehensive review of current AI applications in orthodontics, discusses the potential benefits and limitations, and explores future directions for integrating AI technologies to enhance patient outcomes and clinical workflows.