Artificial intelligence and its applications in orthodontics - A review

INTRODUCTION: Recent decades have perceived massive variations in our profession. The advent of new aesthetic options in orthodontics, the shift to a completely digital workflow, the development of temporary anchorage devices, and new imaging methods offers both patients and professionals a novel focus in orthodontic care. OBJECTIVE: This review aims to provide an overview of the existing evidence on using artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML) and its translation into clinical orthodontic practice. It aims to determine the applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the field of Orthodontics, evaluate its benefits, and discuss its potential implications in this specialty. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The literature for this paper was identified and selected by performing a thorough search in electronic databases like PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science published over the past two decades (January 2000 -December 2021). RESULTS: AI is widely implemented in a wide range of orthodontics in predicting orthodontic extractions needed for orthodontic treatments. Automated landmark detection and analyses, growth and development assessment, diagnosis and treatment planning were the most commonly studied. CONCLUSION: There has been an exponential increase in the number of studies involving various orthodontic applications of Artificial intelligence and Machine learning. AI can also advance the accuracy of orthodontic treatments, thereby helping the orthodontist work more accurately and efficiently.