Characteristics of the mycobiota of cultivated plants grown in the Kur-Araz valley according to ecolo-trophic relationships

As is known, there is a complex system of mutual relations between plants and microorganisms, primarily fungi. By synthesizing various biologically active substances, fungi either negatively affect plants or stimulate the metabolic processes occurring in them. At the same time, fungi, by settling in plants, use them as food sources, and in this case, fungi also affect the processes occurring in plants by causing various pathologies. The clarification and more precisely the study of all these relations has always aroused interest from both theoretical and practical points of view and this issue still retains its relevance today. The relevance of research conducted in this direction has increased somewhat since the second half of the 20th century in terms of solving the problems faced by humanity, such as the lack of energy, nutrients, as well as raw materials for various production sectors. Thus, plants are one of the main sources for people to obtain various products (food, feed and medical), and only 10% of the green biomass formed as a result of photosynthesis is used to meet the needs of the world’s population for these products. Cultivated plants are of particular importance in meeting this need. However, these plants are the main source of meeting the needs of not only humans but also other living beings for food and energy. The use of this source by other living beings leads to the emergence of the above-mentioned deficiencies, which are increasingly noticeable. Among the factors that cause this are various diseases caused by a number of living beings living in plants. Thus, every year, at least 10% of the products obtained from cultivated cultivated plants are lost as a result of pathologies caused by fungi alone.