Public knowledge and acceptance of genetic testing for disability-related diseases in pharmacies: A cross-sectional study from Saudi Arabia

Genetic testing offers significant potential for early detection, diagnosis, personalized treatment, and preventive strategies for disability-related diseases. Pharmacies, as accessible healthcare hubs, can play a pivotal role in delivering genetic testing services. However, public acceptance and awareness remain limited, particularly in Saudi Arabia. This study aims to evaluate the public knowledge, perceptions, and acceptance of genetic testing for disability-related diseases in Saudi Arabian pharmacies. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 475 participants recruited via convenience sampling on social media. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire assessing demographics, knowledge, perception, and acceptance of pharmacy-based genetic testing. Statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, and regression modeling, were performed. While 57.6% of participants reported being somewhat aware of genetic testing, only 9.1% considered themselves very knowledgeable. Perceived benefits included early detection (84.4%) and preventive measures (64.4%). Approximately 42.5% felt comfortable with pharmacy-based genetic testing, but concerns regarding pharmacist expertise (57.7%) and test accuracy (50.7%) were prominent barriers. Acceptance was influenced significantly by age, gender, education level, and healthcare background. Despite moderate awareness and acceptance of genetic testing services in pharmacies, significant barriers remain. Addressing public concerns, improving pharmacist training, and enhancing collaborative care models are essential for successful integration of genetic testing into pharmacy practice.