The hidden remnant: A case of incidentally detected Gartner duct cyst

The paramesonephric (Müllerian) ducts give rise to female reproductive structures, while the mesonephric (Wolffian) ducts typically regress in females. However, remnants of the mesonephric ducts can persist and form Gartner’s duct cysts. These cysts are usually small (<2 cm), asymptomatic, and often discovered incidentally during pelvic examinations. In some cases, they may enlarge and cause symptoms such as vaginal pressure, pelvic pain, dyspareunia (painful intercourse), or urinary issues. Diagnosis is confirmed through pelvic examination and imaging techniques such as ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging. Treatment involves surgical excision of the cyst, especially if it is symptomatic or causing complications. Here, we present a case of a 41-year-old female who presented to the gynecological department with complaints of heavy menstrual bleeding for 2 months. Ultrasound examination revealed a thickened endometrium of size 14 mm along with an endometrial polyp. Intraoperatively, a posterior vaginal wall cyst was discovered incidentally which was excised and sent for histopathological examination.