Optimization design of gear position of hydraulic transmission system of wheel loader based on kinematic analysis of working equipment

The wheeled loader typically operates in complex and harsh environments, where its working equipment, such as the bucket and boom, divert a significant amount of engine power during operation. Therefore, accurately analyzing the mapping relationship between the power demand of the working equipment and the vehicle speed is critical to optimizing gear ratios for effective power matching. To address this issue, this paper conducts a kinematic analysis of the working equipment of the wheeled loader to obtain the power demand during the loading process. Mathematical and statistical methods are used to extract representative data from V-type operating conditions. This data is used to show how the power demand of working equipment relates to the vehicle speed. Using this as a foundation, a multi-objective optimization model for gear ratios is established, and the effectiveness of the gear ratios optimization is verified using three different V-type operating conditions. Compared to the original gear ratios, the optimized gear ratios reduce fuel consumption by 8.13, 18.56, and 8.25 mL while only decreasing the average traction force by 0.42, 1.16, and 0.39 kN, respectively. Improved the performance of the loader.