Targeting Posttranslational Modifications in the Tumor Stromal Microenvironment for Antitumor Therapy

The stromal microenvironment of tumors, comprised of diverse stromal cells and extracellular matrix (ECM), is intricately influenced by multiple signaling pathways, metabolic regulation, and the cell cycle, significantly contributing to tumor malignancy and therapy resistance. Posttranslational modifications (PTMs), crucial mechanisms for regulating protein function in organisms, engage in tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, and therapy resistance by modulating stromal cell behavior, stromal signal transduction, ECM deposition, and remodeling within the tumor stromal microenvironment. This article explores the regulatory role of PTMs within the tumor stromal microenvironment and reviews recent advancements in cancer therapy focused on PTMs. Targeting PTMs within the tumor stromal microenvironment shows promising potential as a novel approach and direction in cancer treatment.