Evaluation of coagulogram abnormalities as a risk factor for recurrence of full-thickness macular hole when using autologous conditioned plasma

Objective: to evaluate the relationship between blood clotting factor activity and the closure of full-thickness macular holes after surgical intervention using autologous conditioned plasma (ACP). Material and methods. A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 62 patients (62 eyes) with primary full-thickness macular holes. Patients underwent treatment: microinvasive subtotal vitrectomy with removal of epiretinal and internal limiting membranes, application of ACP, and airtamponade. Patients were divided into two groups: the main group (31 patients with coagulogram abnormalities) and the control group (31 patients with normal coagulogram parameters). Results. Surgical outcomes showed recurrence in 85.7% of cases in the main group versus 14.3% in controls (p=0.005). Among recurrence cases, 83.3% had prolonged prothrombin time (p=0.042) and 75.0% had reduced fibrinogen levels (p=0.049). Conclusion. Abnormalities in the coagulogram may be a risk factor for failure to close the macular rupture with ACP mass. Relapse was detected 6 times more often with an increase in prothrombin time, as well as with a decrease in fibrinogen below 2.0 g/L in the blood of patients.