Cancer in Crohn's disease

AIM: to assess risk factors for bowel cancer associated with Crohn's disease, as well as to assess the clinical features of the combined pathologies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: retrospective study included 1,478 medical records of patients with Crohn's disease in 2020–2024. Eleven patients with bowel cancer were identified. RESULTS: history analysis revealed that colorectal cancer developed mainly in patients with a long history of the CD, in whom inflammatory changes in the intestine were detected at a young age, and complications of the disease were noted as well (fistulas, strictures, perianal manifestations). For CD, patients received therapy with various genetically engineered biological agents. When colorectal cancer was detected, the tumor was localized in the colon or rectum, and had the histological structure of adenocarcinoma. After treatment (neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy, adjuvant chemotherapy, surgery), patients were followed up for 0–16 months, during this period, relapses of Crohn's disease and colorectal cancer were not detected. CONCLUSION: further studies are needed to assess the risk factors for the development of bowel cancer in the presence of Crohn's disease, the characteristics of the course of Crohn's disease after diagnosed bowel cancer, and the development of approaches to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of such conditions.