The Emergence of Empirical Sociology in the 20th Century

The article is devoted to the history of the formation and development of empirical sociology in the 20th century. The article examines the historical roots of empiricism, the influence of Auguste Comte’s positivist philosophy, the formation of the Chicago School of Sociology, as well as the main methods of empirical research such as observation, interviews, document analysis and statistical methods. Special attention is paid to the role of empirical sociology in the modern world, its influence on public policy and the management of social processes. The importance of ethical standards in scientific research and the need to improve the methodological framework for effective analysis of social phenomena are emphasized.