Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Daun Mangrove (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Porphyromonas Gingivalis

Porphyromonas gingivalis is the main microorganism that triggers periodontitis disease. Mangrove plants contain active compounds which have potential as natural antibacterial agents without side effects; therefore, it can be used as basic ingredients for herbal medicines. This study aimed to determine the inhibitory activity of mangrove leaf extract on the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis. This was a true experimental laboratory study with a post-test control group design. The test method was disc diffusion to observe the response to bacterial growth. Samples were divided into four groups, each was given extract with concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, positive control (chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2%), and negative control (aquadest). The results showed that the mean inhibition zone of 25% concentration was 10.7 mm (medium category), of 50% concentration was 12.6 mm (strong category), of 75% concentration was 13.3 mm (strong category), at 100% concentration was 14.4 mm (strong category), and of the positive control was 12.7 mm (strong category). Meanwhile the negative control had no inhibitory activity. The one-way ANOVA test showed a p-value of <0.05, indicating there were differences between each treatment. In conclusion, Bruguierra gymnorrhiza mangrove leaf extract has inhibitory activity against the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria. Keywords: Bruguiera gymnorrhiza; Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria; mangrove leaves Abstrak: Bakteri Porphyromonas gingivalis merupakan mikroorganisme utama yang memicu penyakit periodontitis. Tumbuhan mangrove dikenal mengandung senyawa-senyawa aktif yang memiliki potensi sebagai agen antibakteri alami tanpa efek samping sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan dasar untuk obat herbal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji daya hambat ekstrak daun mangrove terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Porphyromonas gingivalis. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental laboratorium dengan post test only control group design. Metode pengujian yaitu disc diffusion untuk melihat respon pertumbuhan bakteri. Sampel masing-masing kelompok dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, kontrol positif (chlorhexidine gluconate 0,2%), dan kontrol negatif (akuades). Hasil penelitian mendapatkan rerata zona hambat pada konsentrasi 25% diperoleh daya hambat sebesar 10,7 mm (kategori sedang), konsentrasi 50% diperoleh daya hambat sebesar 12,6 mm (kategori kuat), konsentrasi 75% diperoleh daya hambat sebesar 13,3 mm (kategori kuat), konsentrasi 100% diperoleh daya hambat sebesar 14,4 mm (kategori kuat), dan kontrol positif sebesar 12,7 mm (kategori kuat), sedangkan kontrol negatif tidak memiliki daya hambat. Hasil uji one-way anova menunjukkan p<0,05, yang berarti terdapat perbedaan di antara masing-masing perlakuan. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah ekstrak daun mangrove Bruguierra gymnorrhiza dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Porphyromonas gingivalis. Kata kunci: Bruguiera gymnorrhiza; Porphyromonas gingivalis; daun mangrove