The impact of laser energy of pure CdS and CdS: Cu nano structured thin films on their structural, morphological, and optical properties as gas sensors

Nanostructured CdS and CdS: Cu thin films were synthesized by pulsed laser deposition with a Nd: YAG laser of different energies, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 W. The number of pulses was 300, and the frequency was 20 kHz. The CdS nanoparticles were deposited on a glass substrate. The optical, structural, and morphological properties were investigated utilized X-ray diffraction, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and field emission scanning electron microscopy. From 2.25 to 2.1 eV, the results demonstrate that the band gap energy reduces as laser energy increases. Morphological investigations reveal that the laser energy has a significant impact on the nanoparticles' size. The average diameter of the produced nanoparticles increases from 45 to 56 nm with increasing energy. A gas sensor for gas (NO2) was created, and the impact of increasing temperature on gas sensitivity, Response time, and Recovery time was investigated.