Review highlights how limestone calcined clay reduces CO2 emissions in cement, suggesting it may replace traditional types.
Cement production releases a large amount of carbon dioxide about one tonne of CO 2 for every tonne of cement made causing serious environmental concerns. LC3 is an emerging cementitious material designed to reduce environmental impact while maintaining performance. It uses a blend of limestone and calcined clay instead of relying mostly on traditional cement materials. This combination reduces the amount of clinker (the main source of CO 2 emissions) while still giving the concrete good early strength. The long-term strength and durability of LC3 depend on its pore structure, which affects how easily water and other substances pass through it. LC3 is eco-friendly, cost-effective, and performs well, making it a strong alternative to regular Portland cement. This review paper highlights the advanced features of LC3, explains how it is made, and looks at its ingredients, properties, and uses. It also summarizes findings from past studies, identifies gaps in current research, and suggests areas for future development.
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Gholap et al. (2025) studied this question.
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