The free training program organized by the government aims to increase the competitiveness and capabilities of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in facing the challenges of the digital economy. However, the effectiveness of this program is still debated, especially due to the limitations of implementation in the field. This study uses a systematic literature review approach to evaluate the perspective of MSMEs on the effectiveness of the training program. The results of the study show that there is a gap between the training materials and the real needs of MSMEs, causing a low level of post-training implementation. The main factors contributing to program failure include lack of access to technology, limited resources, and a lack of ongoing assistance and policy support. In addition, many trainings do not take into account the specific characteristics of MSMEs, making them less relevant to their business conditions. The study recommends that training programs should be designed in a more contextual, industry-based manner, and combined with mentoring strategies and economic incentives. Thus, training can have a more real impact in increasing the competitiveness, innovation, and sustainability of MSMEs in an increasingly dynamic digital ecosystem.
Selvi et al. (Wed,) studied this question.