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September 5, 2025Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food SafetyOpen Access

Risk Assessment of Toxic and Potentially Toxic Metals in Raw Goat Milk: A Systematic Review of Global Data and Environmental Factors

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Authors

AAArlen Carvalho de Oliveira AlmeidaPRPaula C. RodriguesMCMarion Pereira da Costa

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Overview

Systematic review reveals significant contamination of goat milk with toxic metals, suggesting urgent monitoring needs.

Key Points

  • Raw goat milk shows notable levels of toxic elements, which raises significant health concerns for consumers.
  • Lead levels were found to reach up to 0.382 mg/L in rural Algeria, indicating serious contamination risks.
  • Evidence from 20 studies across Asia, Europe, and North Africa highlights the variability in metal contamination rates.
  • The findings call for improved regulatory standards and monitoring frameworks to address environmental influences on milk safety.

Cite This Study

Almeida et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/68bb49cc6d6d5674bccffab0https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.70268
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