Investigation of changes in renal function parameters and organ histology of diabetic rats treated with Pleurotus ostreatus ethanol extracts

This work aimed at investigating changes in renal function and organ histology in diabetic rats treated with ethanol extract of Pleurotus ostreatus (EEPO).The pharmacological model was 20% High Sucrose(HS) + 20% High Fat Diet (HFD) + 35mg/kg body weight intraperitoneal) Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rat model, with the EEPO administered orally at 50, 150 and 300mg/kg b.w. A total of 54 rats were grouped into 6 of 9 animals each. Group 1 was normal control , groups 2-6 received high sucrose- high fat diet ( HS-HFD) for 21 days, fasted overnight and thereafter intraperitoneally injected with 35 mg/kg b.w. of streptozotocin, allowed to stay for 72 hrs before treatment. Group 2 was diabetic control, groups 3, 4 and 5 received 50 mg/kg b.w., 150 mg/kg b.w and 300 mg/kg b.w. of EEPO respectively. Group 6 received 150 mg/kg b.w. of metformin HCL. After 72hrof streptozotocin administration, the rats were fasted and blood and blood collected via tail cutting and their fasting blood glucose level were tested which confirme hyperglycemia. Treatment was conducted once daily via intragastric gavage for 63 days. Three rats from each group were sacrificed after the 3rd, 6th and 9th week of treatment. Blood samples and kidneys were collected for biochemical and histopathological analysis respectively.After 3rd week of treatment, there was a marked significant ( p<0.05) reduction in the concentrations of urea, BUN, and creatinine in groups 3 , 4 , 5 and group 6 compared to group 2 . After 6th week of treatment, there was significant reduction (p<0.05) in the concentrations of urea, BUN and creatinine in treated groups 3, 4, 5 and 6 compared to the diabetic group (group 2). Also, after 9th week of treatment, the results howed a marked significant(p<0.05) reduction in the concentrations of urea , BUN and creatinine in groups 3, 4, 5 and 6 compared to group 2. Marked elevated serum urea, BUN and creatinine concentration in the diabetic control , after treatment period was significantly (p< 0.05) , time and dose dependently, reduced in treated diabetic rats. Kidney tissue section of the diabetic control showed congested blood vessels, degenerative glomeruli and tubular casts and these damages were reversed in groups 5 and 6 treated with 300mg/kg b.w. EEPO and 150mg/kg b.w. metformin HCl. EEPO has a nephroprotective effect against HS-HFD-streptozotocin induced diabetes.