Evaluation of phytochemicals and optimization of extraction yield in guava leaves using response surface methodology implies significant enhancements for nutraceutical applications.
The objective of this paper is to extract and evaluate the composition of phytochemicals in Psidium guajava L. (Guava Leaf) waste collected from Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. This was done using appropriate standard techniques. The qualitative and quantitative analysis showed that the extract contains flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, alkaloids, and tannins, with flavonoids and terpenoids being most abundant in 15 % (w/w) and 16 % (w/w), respectively and characterization result of the flavonoid and terpenoid extract revealed key functional groups, confirming its polyphenolic structure and bioactive components. The optimization using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) showed that 5.5 grams of mass extract at temperature of 70°C and time of 165 minutes yielded the highest extract recovery of 27.5% (w/w) for flavonoids and 16.9 % (w/w) for terpenoid as beyond this mass, thermal degradation reduced the efficiency, indicating that moderate extraction temperatures combined with moderate bioactive extract significantly enhanced the yield, validating the effectiveness of RSM in optimizing bioactive compound recovery from guava leaves. This eco-friendly method enhances the antioxidant yield from guava leaves, offering a validated and efficient process for sustainable use in pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals.
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Oyedoh et al. (2025) studied this question.
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