RETRACTION: Samual , J. , M. Hussin , N. A. W. A. Hamid , and A. Abdullah . 2025 . “”, Expert Systems 41 , no. : e13276 . https://doi.org/10.1111/exsy.13276 . The above article, published online on 26 April 2023 on Wiley Online Library ( wileyonlinelibrary.com ), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor‐in‐Chief, David Camacho and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. The retraction has been agreed after several flaws and inconsistencies between results presented and experimental methods described were found. Concerns about conceptual flaws in the study design and reproducibility of the research were also identified. Further investigation raised concerns regarding the manipulation of the peer review process. The conclusions of this article are considered invalid. The authors have been informed of the retraction.
A Wed, study studied this question.